PCG: A prototype incremental compilation facility for the SAGA environment, appendix F

A programming environment supports the activity of developing and maintaining software. New environments provide language-oriented tools such as syntax-directed editors, whose usefulness is enhanced because they embody language-specific knowledge. When syntactic and semantic analysis occur early in the cycle of program production, that is, during editing, the use of a standard compiler is inefficient, for it must re-analyze the program before generating code. Likewise, it is inefficient to recompile an entire file, when the editor can determine that only portions of it need updating. The pcg, or Pascal code generation, facility described here generates code directly from the syntax trees produced by the SAGA syntax directed Pascal editor. By preserving the intermediate code used in the previous compilation, it can limit recompilation to the routines actually modified by editing

Are Technology Improvements Contractionary?

Yes. We construct a measure of aggregate technology change, controlling for imperfect competition, varying utilization of capital and labor, and aggregation effects. On impact, when technology improves, input use falls sharply, and output may fall slightly. With a lag of several years, inputs return to normal and output rises strongly. We discuss what models could be consistent with this evidence. For example, standard one-sector real-business-cycle models are not, since they generally predict that technology improvements are expansionary, with inputs and (especially) output rising immediately. However, the evidence is consistent with simple sticky-price models, which predict the results we find: When technology improves, input use generally falls in the short run, and output itself may also fall.

Are technology improvements contractionary?

Yes. We construct a measure of aggregate technology change, controlling for varying utilization of capital and labor, non- constant returns and imperfect competition, and aggregation effects. On impact, when technology improves, input use and non- residential investment fall sharply. Output changes little. With a lag of several years, inputs and investment return to normal and output rises strongly. We discuss what models could be consistent with this evidence. For example, standard one-sector real-business-cycle models are not, since they generally predict that technology improvements are expansionary, with inputs and (especially) output rising immediately. However, the evidence is consistent with simple sticky-price models, which predict the results we find: When technology improves, input use and investment demand generally fall in the short run, and output itself may also fall.Technology - Economic aspects

Are Technology Improvements Contractionary?

Yes. We construct a measure of aggregate technology change, controlling for varying utilization of capital and labor, non-constant returns and imperfect competition, and aggregation effects. On impact, when technology improves, input use and non-residential investment fall sharply. Output changes little. With a lag of several years, inputs and investment return to normal and output rises strongly. We discuss what models could be consistent with this evidence. For example, standard one-sector real-business-cycle models are not, since they generally predict that technology improvements are expansionary, with inputs and (especially) output rising immediately. However, the evidence is consistent with simple sticky-price models, which predict the results we find: When technology improves, input use and investment demand generally fall in the short run, and output itself may also fall.

Master of Arts

thesisDuring the nineteenth century Mormons were attacked and persecuted for their religious, social, and political differences. Tar-and-feathering was a ritual of violence used against Mormons, and remains a central part of the Mormon persecution narrative. This thesis explores the origins and meaning of tar-and-feathering. During the Revolutionary War Americans used tar-and-feathers as a way to intimidate and attack, while simultaneously branding opponents as outsiders. During the mid-nineteenth century, people who violated social, political, or moral norms were tar-and-feathered by groups attempting to enforce community morals. In like manner, Mormons were tar-and-feathered by their opponents in Ohio, Missouri, Mississippi, and Alabama. This thesis analyzes the context and aftermath of the attacks and places them within the broader history of tar-and-feathering in America. Opponents of Mormonism wished to convey to Mormons and the surrounding public a violent message of displeasure in response to perceived violations of communal values. Mormons took the message and integrated the attacks into a persecution narrative that played a role as Mormons' separated themselves from the rest of the United States. In the retelling, details disappeared and generalizations replaced specificity to the point that tar-and-feathering became cultural persecution discourses that loomed large in Mormon memory, well beyond their historical proportions

The Costs of Not Using Green Design in the USAF: Would Using Green Building Design Have Resulted in Life Cycle Cost Savings?

This study’s purpose is to determine if using green building design would have resulted in life cycle costs savings for the United States Air Force. Green designs are those that employ steps to mitigate the impacts facilities have on the environment by using resources more efficiently than conventional design. The prevailing ranking system for green design in the United States is the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system which evaluates facilities on certain characteristics, assigning point values that translate to non-certified, certified, silver, gold, or platinum ratings. The author attempts here to show how previous studies indicated the presence of construction cost premiums, savings in operating costs and environmental benefits from green design. The literature review also shows the extent the Air Force and Department of Defense have incorporated green building standards into current policy. After performing an analysis of Air Force building data, this study suggests that deciding to build green would not pay for itself based off of energy and environmental benefits alone